Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are one of the most common health problems today. They are especially more common in people who work sitting for long periods, those who experience constipation, and pregnant women. Symptoms include swelling, pain, itching, and bleeding in the anus.
What are Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are a condition caused by the enlargement and swelling of veins in the anal and rectal area. While these veins normally aid in the defecation process, hemorrhoids can develop when they are subjected to pressure due to various reasons.
What are the Types of Hemorrhoids?
- Internal Hemorrhoids: Form in the inner part of the rectum, above the anus. They usually do not cause pain but are noticed by bright red bleeding during defecation. In advanced stages, prolapse (protrusion) may occur.
- Prolapsed Hemorrhoids: This is when internal hemorrhoids progress and protrude outside the anus. Initially, they may retract on their own, but in advanced stages, they may need to be pushed back manually or remain permanently outside.
- External Hemorrhoids: Develop around the anus, under the skin. Swelling, pain, itching, and tenderness are their most prominent symptoms. Discomfort while sitting may be experienced.
- Thrombosed Hemorrhoids: Typically occur when a blood clot forms inside external hemorrhoids. They manifest with sudden severe pain and a hard, purplish swelling. May require urgent evaluation.
What Causes Hemorrhoids?
The most important factors in the formation of hemorrhoids are chronic constipation or diarrhea; these conditions cause constant straining during defecation, creating pressure on the veins in the anal area. The habit of sitting on the toilet for a long time can further increase this pressure, triggering the development of hemorrhoids.
A diet poor in fiber slows down bowel movements, leading to constipation and eventually causing hemorrhoid complaints.
A sedentary lifestyle prevents the bowels from functioning regularly, while heavy lifting increases intra-abdominal pressure, straining the veins around the anus.
Especially pregnancy and childbirth increase the risk of hemorrhoids due to both hormonal changes and increased pressure.
Furthermore, obesity increases the load on the anal area, and with advancing age, the weakening of the vascular structure can also lead to easier development of hemorrhoids.
What are the Symptoms of Hemorrhoids?
- Bleeding during defecation
- Swelling around the anus
- Itching and burning sensation
- Pain or tenderness
- Discomfort while sitting
What Helps with Hemorrhoids?
1. Fiber-Rich Diet
Foods rich in fiber, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes, soften stools and reduce straining.
2. Ample Water Consumption
Drinking 2–2.5 liters of water daily prevents constipation and reduces hemorrhoid symptoms.
3. Warm Sitz Baths
Warm water baths lasting 10–15 minutes, 1–2 times a day, reduce pain, relax muscles, and relieve itching.
4. Regulating Toilet Habits
Avoid sitting on the toilet for long periods. Be careful not to strain and do not postpone the need to defecate.
5. Regular Exercise
Light walks and regular movement support bowel movements and increase blood circulation.
6. Medications
Hemorrhoid creams recommended by a doctor can reduce itching, burning, and irritation. Painkillers may also be used with a doctor's recommendation.
How are Hemorrhoids Diagnosed?
Hemorrhoids are diagnosed based on the patient's complaints and a physical examination. After listening to the patient's symptoms, the doctor examines the anal and rectal area to determine the type and stage of the hemorrhoids. While external hemorrhoids can be seen visually, digital examination or anoscopy may be used for internal hemorrhoids.
Especially in cases of rectal bleeding, advanced tests such as colonoscopy may be requested to detect any underlying disease. Early diagnosis facilitates the treatment process and prevents more serious problems.
How are Hemorrhoids Treated?
Hemorrhoid treatment varies depending on the severity, stage, and the patient's lifestyle.
For mild to moderate hemorrhoid cases, conservative treatment methods are generally preferred. In this process, a fiber-rich diet, ample fluid intake, and regulation of toilet habits are of great importance. Hemorrhoid creams, suppositories, and painkillers recommended by the doctor can help alleviate symptoms.
For advanced hemorrhoids, methods such as rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or surgical procedures may be used. The choice of treatment method is determined by a specialist doctor after evaluation.
What Should Be Considered After Hemorrhoid Surgery?
The period after hemorrhoid surgery is important for the recovery process. Mild pain and sensitivity in the first few days after surgery are considered normal; during this period, the medications prescribed by the doctor should be used regularly.
Ample fluid intake and a fiber-rich diet prevent constipation after surgery, preventing strain on the suture area.
Paying attention to hygiene rules, taking sitz baths as recommended by the doctor, and avoiding strenuous physical activities accelerate recovery.
Furthermore, not neglecting post-operative check-ups ensures early detection of possible complications.
What Should Hemorrhoid Patients Pay Attention To?
Hemorrhoid patients should pay attention to certain points in their daily lives to prevent the progression of the disease and reduce existing complaints.
To avoid constipation, a fiber-rich diet should be followed, and sufficient water should be consumed. Avoid sitting for long periods or spending too much time on the toilet, and adopt an active lifestyle.
Avoiding heavy lifting, taking care of anal hygiene, and not using medications unconsciously are also important points to consider.
If hemorrhoid complaints increase, a specialist should be consulted without delay.
Hemorrhoid Treatment Prices
Hemorrhoid treatment prices vary depending on individual needs, the experience of the physician performing the procedure, the healthcare center where the procedure will be performed, and the city.
Cities Where We Provide Hemorrhoid Treatment
General Surgery Specialist Op. Dr. İbrahim Çolhan performs hemorrhoid treatment in Adana. In addition to Adana, our patients from many other cities such as Mersin, Osmaniye, Hatay, Niğde, Kahramanmaraş, and Gaziantep also benefit from this healthcare service.
