Latissimus Dorsi Flap (Tissue Transfer from Back Muscle)

The Latissimus Dorsi Flap method involves taking the latissimus dorsi muscle, along with the overlying skin and fat tissue, from the patient's back and transferring it to the breast area. This makes it possible to reconstruct the breast with natural tissue. This method is generally applied in conjunction with silicone implants. It is preferred for patients who have received radiotherapy before mastectomy and do not have sufficient tissue in the abdominal area. The blood supply to the muscle is preserved, thereby maintaining tissue viability. Form and volume are given to the newly created breast. The Latissimus Dorsi Flap procedure provides very successful results in terms of aesthetic appearance and has an extremely low risk of complications. Op. Dr. İbrahim Çolhan, serving his patients in Adana, explained what the Latissimus Dorsi Flap, or tissue transfer from the back muscle, is and for whom it is suitable.

Who is the LD Flap Method Suitable For?

The latissimus dorsi flap method is a strong alternative treatment procedure for patients for whom other breast reconstruction methods cannot be applied for any reason. It is particularly used in patients who have received radiotherapy, in cases where abdominal tissue is insufficient, and in patients who have experienced problems with previously performed breast reconstructions.

If we need to list the patient groups for whom the LD Flap method is suitable:

• Patients with insufficient abdominal tissue
• Patients experiencing weakening in skin quality due to radiotherapy treatment
• Patients who have had problems with silicone implants in the past
• Patients who want to add extra volume and shape to their natural breast tissue
• Patients who will undergo breast reconstruction for a second time

The LD flap method can create a small-volume breast on its own. However, a fuller appearance can still be achieved when used in conjunction with a silicone implant.

A comprehensive preliminary evaluation by an experienced surgeon determines whether the patient is suitable for the LD flap method. The surgeon's expertise and experience are important for achieving aesthetically pleasing and long-lasting results.

How is LD Flap Surgery Performed and Which Techniques Are Applied?

LD Flap surgery is performed while the patient is under general anesthesia. It is a reliable breast reconstruction and shaping method that does not require microsurgery. In this method, the skin and fat tissue (along with preserved vascular connections) from the latissimus dorsi muscle in the upper outer part of the back are transferred to the breast area.

The surgical stages of the operation are as follows:

• A horizontal incision is made on the back, and the tissues to be taken from over the muscle are prepared.
• Then, the tissues are transferred to the front, specifically to the breast area, through a tunnel without disrupting the muscle's vascular structure.
• The breast is shaped, and a silicone implant is placed underneath.
• Subsequently, the back area is closed.

The following techniques can be used to support the LD Flap Reconstruction method:
If tissue volume is found to be insufficient, it is supplemented with silicone.

• If a small-volume and natural-looking breast tissue is desired, there is no need to use an implant.
• To ensure symmetry and achieve a balanced appearance, the opposite breast may also be operated on.
• The duration of the surgery is approximately three to five hours. Patients may need to be kept under observation in the hospital for two to three days after the operation. In surgeries performed by experienced and successful surgeons, natural, aesthetic, and long-term results can be obtained.

Is the Breast Created with the LD Flap Method Permanent?

Yes, the results of breast reconstruction operations performed using the LD Flap method are permanent. The tissue used in this method is the patient's own living tissue. This allows it to easily integrate with the body and be used for long periods.

If silicone implants are also used, it should be remembered that the lifespan of these prostheses is generally about 10 to 15 years. However, they may not need to be replaced as long as no problems occur.

Appearance of LD Flap Reconstruction Over Time:

• As age progresses, some differences in breast shape may occur.
• Gaining or losing excessive weight can affect breast volume.
• In patients who have received radiotherapy treatment, the tissue may harden over time.

However, all these changes often appear gradually and do not lead to severe deterioration in breast appearance. To maintain symmetry, minor corrective procedures can be performed on the breast in later years.

In conclusion, breast tissue reconstructed with the LD Flap method looks natural and aesthetic. It offers robust and long-term usability.

What are the Advantages and Limitations of the LD Flap Method?

The LD Flap method is a highly effective and safe treatment procedure frequently preferred in breast repair (breast reconstruction). However, as with any surgical operation, the LD Flap method also has certain advantages and limitations.

Advantages of the LD Flap Method

• The body's own living tissue is used in the operation.
• It does not require any microsurgical application. It is a safe treatment method.
• It can also be applied to skin that has received radiotherapy and whose quality has been adversely affected.
• It provides an aesthetically successful and natural-looking breast form.
• Since the vascular structure of the muscle is preserved, the risk of circulatory problems is low.

Limitations of the LD Flap Method

• The volume gained with the LD Flap method is limited. Therefore, silicone implants are usually needed.
• A horizontal surgical scar remains on the back area.
• A slight loss of strength may occur in the back muscle.

For all these reasons, the LD Flap method is planned considering the patient's expectations, anatomical features, and past treatments.

Will My Arm Movements Be Restricted After My Back Muscle Is Removed?

No significant movement restriction is experienced after treatment. However, a slight decrease in muscle strength may occur. But this is not at a level that would affect the patient's daily life.

Does This Surgery Leave a Scar?

Yes, after the LD Flap method, a horizontal scar remains on the patient's back area. However, this scar is planned to be as much as possible under the bra.

What Is Done If the Tissue Taken from the Back Is Not Sufficient on Its Own?

The LD Flap method is generally sufficient to provide a medium-sized, natural breast appearance. However, if a fuller breast appearance is desired, it can be supported with silicone implants.

Can This Method Be Applied After Radiotherapy?

Yes, the LD Flap method can be applied even in skin that has undergone radiotherapy treatment and is damaged as a result.

How Soon Can I Return to My Normal Life After the LD Flap Method?

Patients generally need four to six weeks to return to their normal lives after surgery. However, longer periods may be required for more strenuous physical activities.

Latissimus Dorsi Flap (Tissue Transfer from Back Muscle) Prices

The price and cost of breast reconstruction operations using the Latissimus Dorsi Flap method are shaped according to numerous factors. Factors such as additional surgical procedures, the nature of the operation, the surgeon's expertise and experience, and the technological equipment of the clinic affect the prices of the LD Flap method. To get current and clear information about LD Flap method prices, you can contact Op. Dr. İbrahim Çolhan, who serves his patients in Adana.